This example is a variation of the GIF picture viewer shown in
Section 5.8, “Example - Prepared Queries - Picture Viewer, Part 2 - View Pictures”. It also stores the images
as bytea
fields in the database, but rather than
using prepared queries in binary mode, it uses normal text mode queries.
In order to get the binary data through normal SQL queries intact,
the commands pg_escape_bytea
and pg_unescape_bytea are used.
This version is generally less efficient that using binary prepared
queries, and can be significantly slower.
pg_escape_bytea
and pg_unescape_bytea
are extensions added to
pgtcl-ng version 1.5.2 and
pgin.tcl version 2.2.0.
This example will not work with other versions or implementations.
Given an identifier on the command line, it attempts to retrieve and display the stored picture with that identifier.
See Section 5.9, “Example - Bytea Escaping - Picture Viewer, Part 1 - Store Pictures” for the program used to insert the pictures in the database. (Since the same schema is used, the script in Section 5.7, “Example - Prepared Queries - Picture Viewer, Part 1 - Store Pictures” can also be used.)
This example runs under wish, not tclsh. It also assumes database connection information is provided through the environment.
Example 5.17. Bytea Escaping - View Pictures Stored in Database
#!/usr/bin/wish # Example - picture storage as bytea, using escape/unescape: package require Pgtcl # Return the picture data identified by 'name'. # Throw an error if it can't be read. proc get_picture {conn name} { # Note that for a text-mode query on a BYTEA column, PostgreSQL will escape # the data for us. set result [pg_exec $conn "SELECT picture FROM pics\ WHERE pname='[pg_escape_string $name]'"] if {[pg_result $result -status] != "PGRES_TUPLES_OK"} { set message [pg_result $result -error] pg_result $result -clear error "Error: Query failed: $message" } if {[set n [pg_result $result -numTuples]] != 1} { pg_result $result -clear error "Error: Query returned $n results" } # Unescape and return the data, which is the only column in the only row: set data [pg_unescape_bytea [lindex [pg_result $result -getTuple 0] 0]] pg_result $result -clear return $data } if {$argc != 1} { puts stderr "Usage: view_picture name" exit 1 } set name [lindex $argv 0] # Connect to the database. set conn [pg_connect -conninfo ""] # Get the picture data: set failed [catch {get_picture $conn $name} data] # Done with database connection: pg_disconnect $conn # Exit if unable to retrieve the data: if {$failed} { puts "Failed to view picture '$name': $data" exit } # Make the viewer and show the picture: wm title . "Picture: $name" image create photo p -data $data -format GIF label .top -image p button .quit -text Close -command exit -default active bind . <Return> exit pack .top -side top pack .quit
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